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God and Stephen Hawking: Whose Design Is It Anyway?, by John C. Lennox

Get Free Ebook God and Stephen Hawking: Whose Design Is It Anyway?, by John C. Lennox

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Review

"A brilliant response to Stephen Hawking's The Grand Design. Make sure you hear both sides of the argument!"  —Alister McGrath, author, The Dawkins Delusion"Recent books touting atheism have been grounded more on dyspepsia than on dispassionate reason. In this book John considers the best, most recent science from physics and biology, and demonstrates that the picture looks far different from what we've been told."  —Michael Behe, author, Darwin's Black Box on God's Undertaker"[God and Stephen Hawking] certainly deserves to win the 'Award of Merit' in the '2012 Christianity Today Books Awards.'" —Arn.org

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About the Author

John Lennox is Professor of Mathematics at the University of Oxford and Fellow in Mathematics and Philosophy of Science at Green Templeton College. He lectures on Faith and Science for the Oxford Centre for Christian Apologetics. He has lectured in many universities around the world, including Austria and the former Soviet Union. He is particularly interested in the interface of Science, Philosophy and Theology. Lennox has been part of numerous public debates defending the Christian faith. He debated Richard Dawkins on "The God Delusion" in the University of Alabama (2007) and on "Has Science buried God?" in the Oxford Museum of Natural History (2008). He has also debated Christopher Hitchens on the New Atheism (Edinburgh Festival, 2008) and the question of "Is God Great?" (Samford University, 2010), as well as Peter Singer on the topic of "Is there a God?" (Melbourne, 2011). John is the author of a number of books on the relations of science, religion and ethics. He and his wife Sally live near Oxford.

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Product details

Paperback: 96 pages

Publisher: Lion Hudson; New edition edition (January 21, 2011)

Language: English

ISBN-10: 0745955495

ISBN-13: 978-0745955490

Product Dimensions:

4.4 x 0.3 x 7 inches

Shipping Weight: 4.6 ounces (View shipping rates and policies)

Average Customer Review:

4.4 out of 5 stars

228 customer reviews

Amazon Best Sellers Rank:

#68,828 in Books (See Top 100 in Books)

''Hawking writes: “Traditionally these are questions for philosophy, but philosophy is dead.''(. . . what algorithm/equation can we use to confirm this conclusion?) ''Apart from the unwarranted hubris of this dismissal of philosophy (a discipline well represented and respected at his own university of Cambridge), it constitutes rather disturbing evidence that at least one scientist, Hawking himself, has not even kept up with philosophy sufficiently to realize that he himself is engaging in it throughout his book.''How can you tell the difference between science/mathematics and philosophy?''The very first thing I notice is that Hawking’s statement about philosophy is itself a philosophical statement. It is manifestly not a statement of science: it is a metaphysical statement about science. Therefore, his statement that philosophy is dead contradicts itself. It is a classic example of logical incoherence. Hawking’s attitude to philosophy contrasts markedly with that of Albert Einstein in a letter supporting the teaching of history and philosophy of science to physicists:(Einstein . . . supports philosophy?)''I fully agree with you about the significance and educational value of methodology as well as history and philosophy of science. So many people today, and even professional scientists, seem to me like someone who has seen thousands of trees but has never seen a forest. A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is, in my opinion, the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth.'' (16)‘Independence of mind’ from philosophy!Lennox explains in the introduction that the explosion of scientific knowledge has shown the need for answers to such questions: Can science disprove God?Can science prove God?The educated world is realizing that science lacks answers that religion attempts to answer. This book is an analysis of Hawking's claims to have proven that there is no Creator.Hawking's raises questions such as:"how can we understand the world in which we find ourselves?How does the universe behave? What is the nature of reality?Where did all this come from? Did universe need a creator?"Clearly questions of philosophy not physics. However Hawking claims, "traditionally these are questions for philosophy, but philosophy is dead. It has not kept up with modern developments in science, particularly in physics. As a result scientists have become the bearers of the torch of discovery in our quest for knowledge."Lennox responds . . ."the very first thing I know this is that Hawking's statement about philosophy is itself a philosophical statement. It is manifestly not a statement of science: it is a metaphysical statement about science. Therefore his statements that philosophy is dead contradicts itself. It is a classic example of logical incoherence."Preconceived ideas are powerful. The more they are denied, the more influence.Lennox then quotes Einstein, "A knowledge of the historic and philosophical background that gives that kind of independence from prejudices of his generation from which most scientists are suffering. This independence created by philosophical insight is, in my opinion, the mark of distinction between a mere artisan or specialist and a real seeker after truth."Maxwell wrote something very similar. Both Einstein and Maxwell destroyed many old scientific ideas and created many new ones.Lennox also quotes Francis Collins (codiscoverer of DNA ),"Science is powerless to answer questions such as: "Why did the universe come into being? What is the meaning of human existence? What happens after we die?"Quoting Einstein:"You are right in speaking of the moral foundations of science, but you cannot turn round and speak of the scientific foundations of morality."Richard Feynman also wrote: "Even the greatest forces and abilities don't seem to carry any clear instructions on how to use them. As an example, the great accumulation of understanding as to how the physical world behaves only convinces one that this behavior has a kind of meaninglessness about it. The sciences do not directly teach good or bad."Ethics is philosophical not scientific, as these outstanding scientists explained.“Just one more word about Hume. It is worth remembering that, in spite of his objections to miracles, he wrote . . .( . . . David Hume, maybe, first of modern anti-Christian philosophers . . . )“The whole frame of nature bespeaks an intelligent author; and no rational enquirer can, after serious reflection, suspend his belief a moment with regard to the primary principles of genuine Theism and Religion.”For Hume (notorious skeptic) to commit to a creator — after ‘serious thought’ — is remarkable!Lennox presents Hawking’s main argument . . .“Because there is a law of gravity, the universe can and will create itself out of nothing.”Well . . . if ‘nothing’ exists, doesn’t that include law of gravity? Lennox reasons . . .“Sir Isaac Newton did not say . . .“Now that I have the law of gravity, I don’t need God.”“What he did was to write Principia Mathematica, the most famous book in the history of science, expressing the hope that it would “persuade the thinking man” to believe in God.’’The fundamental motive of Newton’s scientific work was the ‘glory of God’. Of course, Newton rejected the orthodox Christianity of his time. He was (hidden) Unitarian.Newton wrote about two million words on mathematics and physics. Wrote about three million on Bible and Bible prophecy.Hawking’s claim that abstract laws can produce concrete matter — seems . . . so . . . so . . . philosophical . . .Lennox illustrates . . .“The laws of physics can explain how the jet engine works, but not how it came to exist in the first place. It is self-evident that the laws of physics could not have created a jet engine on their own. That task also needed the intelligence, imagination, and scientific creativity of Whittle. Indeed, even the laws of physics plus Frank Whittle were not sufficient to produce a jet engine.’’Really? What else?“There also needed to be some material that Whittle could use. Matter may be humble stuff, but laws cannot create it.’’One common idea that, if true, would open Bible to valid ridicule is . . .“According to the Old Testament, God created Adam and Eve only six days into creation. Bishop Ussher, primate of all Ireland from 1625 to 1656, placed the origin of the world even more precisely, at nine in the morning on October 27, 4004 BC. We take a different view: that humans are a recent creation but that the universe itself began much earlier, about 13.7 billion years ago.’’But is this really what Genesis says? Lennox . . .“If Hawking had engaged a little more with biblical scholarship, he might have discovered that the Bible itself leaves the time of creation open. In the structure of the text of Genesis, the statement “in the beginning God created the heavens and the earth” does not form part of the creation “week” but clearly precedes it;’’( . . . interesting that medieval Rabbis discerned this . . . )“and so, however one interprets the days of creation, neither the age of the earth nor that of the universe is specified; and so there is no necessary conflict between what Genesis says and the 13.7 billion years yielded by scientific calculation.’’Another confirmation of Genesis is ‘in the beginning’ or in other words — ‘Big Bang’“As Hawking points out, the first actual scientific evidence that the universe had a beginning did not appear until the early 1900s. The Bible, however, has been quietly asserting that fact for millennia. It would be good if credit were given where it is due.’’This work written for general reader. Short, clear without being superficial.I have read both Hawking and Lennox. Lennox clearer, persuasive. Hawking . . .

John Lennox is professor of Mathematics at Oxford, and has written many other books of Christian apologetics, such as God's Undertaker: Has Science Buried God?,Gunning for God: Why the New Atheists are Missing the Target, etc., and has participated in a number of debates with famous atheists such as Has Science Buried God?,The God Delusion Debate, etc.He wrote in the Preface to this 2011 response to Stephen Hawking's book The Grand Design, "I have written this short book in the hope that it will assist my readers to understand some of the most important issues that lie at the heart of the contemporary debate about God and science."Later, he explains, "In this book I wish to engage in the main not with Hawking's science but with what he deduces from it regarding the existence, or rather the non-existence, of God. Although Hawking's argument, that science shows God is unnecessary, has been hailed as ground-breaking, it is hardly new... Indeed, it is difficult at first glance to see quite how this new book adds much to what Hawking wrote in `A Brief History of Time.'" (Pg. 17)He observes about Hawking's "philosophy is dead" assertion, "it constitutes rather disturbing evidence that... Hawking himself, has not even kept up with philosophy sufficiently to realize that he himself is engaging in it throughout his book... Hawking's statement about philosophy is itself a philosophical statement. It is manifestly not a statement of science: it is a metaphysical statement about science... It is a classic example of logical incoherence." (Pg. 18)He comments on Hawking's statement "the universe can and will create itself from nothing": "It is seldom that one finds in a single statement two distinct levels of contradiction, but Hawking appears to have constructed such a statement. He says the universe comes from a nothing that turns out to be a something (self-contradiction number one), and then he says the universe creates itself (self-contradiction number two)... His notion that a law of nature (gravity) explains the existence of the universe is also self-contradictory, since a law of nature, by definition, surely depends for its own existence on the prior existence of the nature it purports to describe." (Pg. 31)He suggests, "Science, according to many scientists, concentrates essentially on material causation. It asks the `how' questions: how does the jet engine work? It also asks the `why' question regarding function: why is this pipe here? But it does not ask the `why' question of purpose: why was the jet engine built?" (Pg. 38)He observes, "belief in God seems to be a much more rational option, if the alternative is to believe that every other universe that can possibly exist does exist: including one in which Richard Dawkins is the Archbishop of Canterbury, Christopher Hitchens the Pope, and Billy Graham has just been voted the atheist of the year!" (Pg. 50-51)He points out, "even if it is true, M-theory [multiple-universe theory] itself doesn't create a single one of those universes. What Hawking says is: `The laws of M-theory allow for different universes with different apparent laws.' `Allow for' is one thing, `create' is something completely different. A theory that allows for many universes is not the same as an agent who designed them, or a mechanism that produces them." (Pg. 51-52) Later, he adds, "Accounting for the fine-tuning of the cosmos by postulating one intelligent Creator seems much more elegant and economical than postulating ... [nearly infinite] universes that are unobservable by us, and is surely a much better `model.'" (Pg. 56)Of Hawking's observation, "the question has merely been deflected to that of who created God," he says, "by Hawking's own argument the question has merely been deflected to: who created the law of gravity? And this is a question that he does not answer. Hawking ... serves only to reveal the inadequacy of his concept of God. To ask the question who CREATED God logically presupposes that God is a created entity. That is certainly not the Christian... concept of God. God is eternal... To ask who created him is to show that one does not understand the nature of his being." (Pg. 68) Later, he adds, "is it not rather odd that Hawking believes in the multiverse and rejects miracles? Isn't the whole point about multiverses to have enough universes around to ensure that ANYTHING can happen?" (Pg. 92)He concludes, "Science and history are not the only sources of evidence for the existence of God. Since God is a Person and not a theory, it is to be expected that one of the prime evidences for his existence is personal experience... I wish to add my voice to the many millions who can and would testify to the profound and central role that faith in Christ as Lord has on our lives... Such a hope defies both the death barrier and Hawking's bleak reductionist notion that we are nothing more than a random collection of molecules derived from the stars. We shall, in fact, outlast the stars." (Pg. 94)Lennox's book was cited in the recent movie God's Not Dead. It isn't likely to convince many of Hawking's supporters, and the Christian focus of many of his arguments will likewise not move many with a more "deistic" orientation toward God. But his brief book is an excellent and thought-provoking critique of many of the excesses of Hawking's own book.

This book is a fantastic and a complete rebuttal of hawking's theory of "infinite, alternate universes" (which are of course "undetectable") proposed by a man who desperately needs to deal with the mathematical odds on how life began. The odds are so impossible that life could have begun from inanimate chemicals here in *this* universe that hawking has concluded that there must be infinite, undetectable alternate universes, which of course, increase the probability resources necessary for what he wishes to be true.John Lennox dashes these hopes with *real* science, sorry hawking. And also sorry dawkins whose screeching has reached a crescendo, but it is just that: "screeching". No science, so: sorry dawkins as well.Very well done and very well written. Short and always to the point, John C. Lennox is fast becoming my new favorite author on this topic.Any of the curious should go and see John's debate videos on youtube, he leaves no doubt and I do enjoy his Irish accent and sweet demeanor.

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